![]() ![]() This.may increase the risk of complications including iris trauma (including chafing, sphincter tear, iridodialysis), hyphema, PCR Less visibility of the peripheral lens and the placement of the tip of certain instruments.An anterior capsular tear may extend beyond the equator causing a posterior capsular rent (PCR). There is a higher chance of trauma to the anterior capsular rim/capsulorrhexis edge with instruments.This causes difficulty in maneuvering the lens during surgery (reduced surgical access) and.Reduced surgical space that may lead to small capsulorrhexis.Nondilating or poorly-dilating pupils pose significant challenges during and after cataract surgeries. 8.12 Canabrava ring (AJL Ophthalmic S.A, Araba, Spain).8.11 Oasis Iris Expander (Oasis Medical Inc.8.10 Xpand NT iris speculum-X1 (Diamatrix Ltd, Woodlands, Texas, USA).8.9 I-Ring pupil expander (Beaver-Visitec International, Waltham, MA, USA).8.8 Assia pupil expander (APX Ophthalmology, Haifa, Israel).8.7 B-HEX Pupil Expander (Med Invent Devices, Kolkata, India).8.6 Milvella Perfect Pupil (Becton-Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, New Jersey, USA/Milvella, Savage, Minnesota, USA).8.5 Malyugin ring (MicroSurgical Technology/MST Inc., Redmond, Washington, USA).8.4 Morcher Pupil dilator Type 5S (FCI Ophthalmics, Pembroke, Massachusetts, USA).8.3 Graether 2000 pupil expander system (Eagle vision, Memphis, Tennessee, USA/Katena Products, Inc., Denville, New Jersey, USA).8.2 Siepser iDeal iris ring (Eagle Vision, Memphis, Tennessee, USA).AG Schaffhausen, Schaffhausen, Switzerland) 8.1 Hydroview Iris Protector Ring (Grieshaber & Co.7.2 Nylon/Polypropylene iris hooks with silicone sleeve.7.1 Mackool self-retaining titanium mechanical hooks.6 Using the lens or lens nucleus to keep the pupil dilated/ semi-dilated.4.3 Keuch Pupil dilator (Katena Products, Inc., Parsippany, New Jersey, USA).4.2 Brown pupillary dilator (Rhein Medical Inc., Tampa, Florida, USA).4.1 Bimanual stretching of the pupil with 2 instruments.3 Prerequisites before pupillary stretching and using pupil expansion devices. ![]()
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